{"id":284,"date":"2025-02-25T07:41:08","date_gmt":"2025-02-25T04:41:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/?p=284"},"modified":"2025-03-20T20:41:33","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T17:41:33","slug":"polonyada-18-bin-yillik-yamyam-kaniti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/polonyada-18-bin-yillik-yamyam-kaniti\/","title":{"rendered":"Polonya’da 18 Bin Y\u0131ll\u0131k Yamyam Kan\u0131t\u0131!"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6ttingen \u00dcniversitesi’nin de kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla uluslararas\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, Orta Avrupa’daki Ge\u00e7 Buzul \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n cenaze t\u00f6renlerine ili\u015fkin yeni bilgiler elde etti. <\/p>\n

Polonya’n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki Maszycka Ma\u011faras\u0131’nda bulunan insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki manip\u00fclasyon izleri, \u00f6l\u00fclerin sistematik olarak par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yamyaml\u0131k yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Polonya’daki Maszycka Ma\u011faras\u0131, Ge\u00e7 Paleolitik d\u00f6neme ait \u00f6nemli bir yerdir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 100 y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce burada ta\u015f aletler, kemik u\u00e7lar\u0131 ve Buzul \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n av kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda insan kemikleri ke\u015ffetmi\u015flerdi. <\/p>\n

63 kemik incelendi<\/h3>\n

Bu buluntular\u0131n Fransa’daki Magdalen d\u00f6nemi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan d\u00f6neme ait oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir; 20.000 ila 14.500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Ge\u00e7 Buzul \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 toplumu. 1960’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda daha fazla insan kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 18 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait 10 bireye ait toplam 63 kemik incelemeye sunulmu\u015ftu. Ge\u00e7 Buzul \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’ndan kalma insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli koleksiyonlar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n

Yamyaml\u0131k kesin, \u015f\u00fcphe yok!<\/h3>\n

Ekip, modern y\u00f6ntemler kullanarak 36 vakada, ki\u015filerin \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden hemen sonra par\u00e7aland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren izler tespit etti. Kafatas\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131ndaki kesme izleri, kas ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve kafa derisinin kesildi\u011fini, kemik ili\u011fine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in uzun kemiklerin k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Tarragona’daki Katalan \u0130nsan Paleoekolojisi ve Sosyal Evrim Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’nden ba\u015f yazar Francesc Marginedas \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor: “Kesik izlerinin konumu ve s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kemiklerin kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, buradaki amac\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fclerden besin bile\u015fenleri \u00e7\u0131karmak oldu\u011funa dair hi\u00e7bir \u015f\u00fcphe b\u0131rakm\u0131yor.”<\/p>\n

\"Ma\u011farada
Ma\u011farada Bulunan Mermi U\u00e7lar\u0131 ve Kemikler<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Peki yamyaml\u0131k nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131? Magdalenian d\u00f6nemi, Lascaux’daki \u00fcnl\u00fc ma\u011fara resimleri gibi etkileyici sanat eserleriyle bilinir. “\u00c7e\u015fitli sanatsal kan\u0131tlar, bu d\u00f6nemde elveri\u015fli ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor. Bu nedenle yamyaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n zorunluluktan dolay\u0131 uygulanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 pek olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor,” diyor Prof. Dr. G\u00f6ttingen \u00dcniversitesi Tarih \u00d6ncesi ve Erken Tarih Semineri’nden Thomas Terberger. <\/p>\n

Marginedas ekliyor: “Bunun \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren bir yamyaml\u0131k olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Son buzul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n so\u011fuk maksimumundan sonra bir n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu ve bu da kaynaklar ve b\u00f6lgeler \u00fczerinde \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olabilir. Ve \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak izole vakalarda yamyaml\u0131k do\u011fruland\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, Maszycka Ma\u011faras\u0131’ndaki insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 yerle\u015fim at\u0131klar\u0131yla kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda ve bu da \u00f6l\u00fclere sayg\u0131yla davran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermiyor.” Sonu\u00e7lar, Ge\u00e7 Buzul \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 toplumundaki k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fimin ve grup dinamiklerinin s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> \r\nArchaeologie Online<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Polonya’daki Maszycka ma\u011faras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda bulunan iskeletlerde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 18 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait yamyaml\u0131k kan\u0131tlar\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":285,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=284"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":379,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284\/revisions\/379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dunyamiraslari.com\/gundem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}